Deepti Jindal
Bhojia Dental College & Hospital
India
Title: Recent Diagnostic aids: State of the art in oral precancerous and cancerous lesions
Biography
Biography: Deepti Jindal
Abstract
In day-to-day clinical experience, dental and medical practitioners often encounter a wide spectrum of oral mucosal lesions. But advancement in diagnostic aids reduces the morbidity and mortality associated with oral diseases. In the past decades, adjunctive techniques like toluidine blue, ViziLite, VEL scope, Oral CDx & brush biopsy facilitated the detection & distinctions between oral benign & malignant lesions. Oral brush cytology has been found to be very useful for detection of cancer and precancer. Touch imprint cytology is a valuable tool in evaluation of sentinel lymph node biopsy, tumor margins etc. Chemiluminescence is one of the newly developed adjuncts, employed as an adjunct for the early detection of cervical cancer and pre-cancer. Flow cytometry is an important method used to analyze cell kinetics and protein expression in normal and tumor cells. A major advancement in the quantitative study of mRNA is Microarray technology known as DNA chips that helps determine the expression levels of hundreds and thousands of genes. Immunohistochemistry has provided insight into tumor histopathogenesis and contributed to more accurate determination of patient prognosis. Nanotechnology is applied to various fields of medicine like pharamacological experiments and cancer therapeutics also as a means for drug delivery .Currently, computerized image systems have been increasingly applied as useful tools in oral health, aiding in clinical diagnosis and research. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the various diagnostic aids used to detect oral precancerous and cancerous lesion, with their implication and limitations along with advancement in techniques.