30^th Euro Congress and Expo on Dental and Oral Health November 07-08, 2022 Rome, Italy

Biography:

Restoration of the facial contour and esthetics was my passion in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; I was quite concerned about that in orthognathic and tumor surgery. I started using computer assisted procedures in dental implantology, and then I expanded to maxillofacial surgery and was fascinated with the potential and the results. I started to learn 3D modelling and planned my cases myself and designing my splints, prosthetic joints, and custom patient specific implants. I believe this is the best treatment I can give to my patients and encourage all the fellow practitioners to enter the field of modelling to add more and more innovative and creative ideas.

Abstract:

One of the main advantages of computer guided mandibular resection and reconstruction is keeping the normal alignment of the bony segments and preserving their harmony and orientation to maintain normal function and esthetics. In some situations, the normal orientation and contour is disturbed and so we need to restore it back. The adjustment of the bony segments was performed using the 2D dicom images and the 3D volumes, and the achieved results were transferred to the actual surgery using specially designed splints and Patient Specific Implants (PSI). The combined 2D-3D planning and the accuracy of the generated splints and PSI proved to be a technique that showed excellent outcomes.

Biography:

Dimitrios Raptopoulos is a member of the great dental family of the European University of Cyprus. Since 2021, when he got accepted to the School of Dentistry of EUC, he passed all the exams’ periods with flying colours and due to this he received a Second Honours Certificate from the dean of the University. He has also, attended multiple dental conferences that took place in Greece and Cyprus.

Abstract:

Objective: The alveolar process is the ridge on maxilla’s inferior and mandible’s superior surface, into which the teeth are found. The alveolar bone surrounding the teeth forms the tooth socket. The alveolar process is mainly consisted of compact bone containing Volkmann canals, through which blood vessels travel reaching the Periodontal Ligament (PDL); a complex network of connective tissue fibers extending from the alveolar process to the root surface holding the tooth ion place. However, sometimes tooth extraction is required. The purpose of this study is to describe the changes that occur on the soft and hard tissues after a tooth extraction.

Methods: A narrative review was performed on the medical online library of PubMed between 2000-2021 using the keywords PDL, alveolar process, tooth extraction and extraction healing. Of all the listed articles only those describing the healing process after tooth extraction were included.

Results: A blood clot is formed after the extraction, which is replaced by granulation tissue followed by soft tissue healing and bone remodeling. Bone remodelling entails the removal of mineralised bone by osteoclasts and the subsequent synthesis of bone matrix by osteoblasts and occurs in three key steps; resorption: when osteoclasts resorb the old bone (2 weeks); reversal: when mononuclear cells emerge on the bone surface (2-4 weeks) and; production when osteoblasts lay down new bone until the resorbed one is entirely replaced (up to 4 months). Placement of collagen sponge is suggested for blood clot stabilisation and soft tissue healing enhancement.

Conclusion: After a tooth extraction, the organism starts to cure the tooth socket and it depends, at least, up to 4 months.

Biography:

Feras AlDhafr is currently Saudi board Pediatric dental resident at National Guard hospital. He have multiple research publications. He won third place award in case presentation at National Guard hospital resident retreat day.

Abstract:

Introduction: The incidence of dental traumatic injuries globally is around 5%, the main types of injury to permanent teeth were uncomplicated crown fractures (20.8%) (1,2). Management of tooth fracture requires an accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and regular follow-ups. Tooth fractures mostly involve front teeth in the upper jaw because of their position in the oral cavity. The most common causes are sports activities, traffic accidents, and physical violence (3). Dental aesthetics have become highly important in recent years. More patients seek a visually pleasing smile, and the perception in the media about the concept of beauty has improved. Nowadays, patients’ demands for invisible restorations which provide a natural look have increased (4). Anterior crossbite is a malocclusion that takes place for various reasons, leads to major problems, and may be fixed using various methods. Its prevalence in different countries around the world varies between 2.2% and 36% (5). Previous trauma may be predictive of an increased risk of root resorption during orthodontic treatment; thus, an appropriate observation period should be taken prior to the start of the orthodontic treatment depending on the type of the injury (6).

Objectives: To present the principles in managing dental trauma with anterior crossbite and describe the multidisciplinary approach followed to provide the optimum care for such patient.

Case report: A 7 years old female patient came to the emergency room with her mother with a chief complaint according to the mother ‘’My daughter fell down and broke her teeth’’ and chief complaint according to the child: “I have extra teeth please remove it”.

Clinical examination: Patient presented with poor oral hygiene, multiple carious teeth, uncomplicated crown fracture involving enamel and dentin in teeth #11,21 retained teeth #52,62 and anterior crossbite of teeth #12,22. This clinical situation often requires a multidisciplinary approach to provide a functional and esthetic resolution.

Biography:

Maha Alatyan, Doctor of Dental Medicine, graduated from King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia in 2019. Currently, He is Pediatric dentistry resident in the Saudi Board Of Pediatric Dentistry at National Guard Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He did participate as an organizer in multiple dental conferences (IADR in London, AEEDC in Dubai) and Community projects. This study have been presented in different Saudi and non-Saudi conference, Including, 4^th International Dental Conference, 1^st Dental Student Research Meeting In King Saud University, UAE International Dental Conference and Arab Dental Exhibition and Published in the Imam Journal of Applied Science And 3^rd place winner in poster presentation in the second research day at King saud Bin Abdulaziz university for Health Sciences.

Abstract:

Child Abuse and Neglect (CAN) is a major problem around the world including Saudi Arabia. According to National Family Safety Program registry, most of cases of CAN in Saudi Arabia are detected in hospitals. Hence, healthcare professionals play an important role in identifying and reporting suspected cases of CAN. The purpose of the study is to assess knowledge and attitudes toward CAN among medical and dental Undergraduate (UG) students and interns in Riyadh. This cross-sectional study distributed a self-administrated structured questionnaire to 351 medical and dental UG students and interns in different public and private medical and dental colleges in Riyadh. Participants were recruited using convenient sampling. The data were entered using IBM SPSS version 22 software.

Descriptive statistics (frequency distribution), Chi-square test, and t-test were used to perform the statistical analysis. The significance level (P value) was set at <0.05. About 57.5% of the participants reported having formal training on CAN during their UG study. Mean knowledge score related to CAN was 6.81 ± 1.17 for medical participants and 6.35 ± 1.35 for dental participants, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). Majority of the participants believed that the main barrier for not reporting a suspected case of CAN is the fear of consequences (medical=82.4%, dental=68.5%, P=0.01). About 77% of the participants agreed to the need for further training in dealing with suspected cases of CAN. This study showed that dental participants had relatively less knowledge about the clinical presentation of CAN than medical participants. Improvements in the educational system are still needed to raise awareness about this issue.

Inclusion of case scenarios and problem-based learning may help retain knowledge acquired during training. To increase awareness about the diagnosis and referral procedures, academic institutes should consider continuous educational courses and seminars.

Biography:

Seba Alhebshi has her expertise in maxillofacial prosthodontics and inventing. Her creative and diverse method of solving issues created a constructive pathway for improving healthcare. She has built this model after years of experience in research, evaluation, invention, and academics both in the dental office and education institutions. The internet that the author found in this research is that it utilizes the most up-to-date material, Poly-ether-ether-ketone, combining it with the pioneering Titanium-Base abutment, almost creating a new gold standard for fixed dental prosthesis replacement on dental implants.

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: The use of Titanium Base (Ti-Base) is increasing and has become a favored alternative as part of abutments for implant-supported FDPs in the digital workflow. Its main disadvantage is de-bonding. This study aims to test one of the newest materials in the market Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) a material that has been approved by FDA in 1988 for oral application in dentistry, after adding surface treatment to the Ti-Base abutment to study the influence it implies on crown retention. After literature review, and up to this date, no study has evaluated the retention of PEEK crowns to Titanium base abutments after surface treatments. PEEK is widely used in many fields such as in the fabrication of aerospace, automobiles and in spinal reconstruction in surgery. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the retentive forces of CAD/CAM fabricated (PEEK) crowns cemented on titanium base abutments treated with three different surface treatments.

Methodology & theoretical orientation: Four groups and created in the study, the first group is the baseline, having no surface treatment the second group has aluminum oxide surface treatment, the third group is acid etched using 35% HNO₃-5% HF, and the fourth group has a combination of two surface treatments which are the acid etch and the aluminum oxide. All groups will include a Ti-Base abutment and a prefabricated PEEK crown cemented using RelyX U100, all samples will undergo tensile pull-out testing using Autograph AGS-X Series universal testing machine to test the retention.

Conclusion: The fourth group exhibited statistical significance after testing its tensile force to confirm the retention between Ti-Base abutment and PEEK crown. Recommendations are made to study more material other than PEEK with the same Ti-Base abutment to resolve the de-bonding problem.

Biography:

Emelyanova Natalia is a professor of medicine and together with Dmitry Emelyanov (PhD) work as researchers at a research institute and deal with the problems of manifestations of somatic diseases in the oral cavity. Their research has been featured in many well-known journals and conferences.

Abstract:

The periodontium is constantly influenced by various exogenous pathogenic factors, and microorganisms are only one of them. It is impossible to imagine oral cavity without microflora, because it is one of the body biotopes, which is formed 2-3 hours immediately after the birth, and therefore the periodontium has certain adaptive and protective capabilities to such an effect. The integrity of epithelial barrier, constant movement of gingival fluid, local immunity control, the necessary partial pressure of oxygen and the minimum stack layering preserve periodontal health, even if concurrently influenced by several exogenous factors.

The presence of NAFLD in a dental patient is an endogenous factor in reducing the adaptive capacity of the periodontium, initiating and maintaining the inflammatory process through systemic circulation as a source of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, somatic disease facilitates increased activity of specific periodontopathogens, and the occurrence and development of pathological changes in the periodontium.

One of the main order 1 periodontopathogens is Porphyromonas gingivalis, which has powerful virulence factors. However, with NAFLD, protective capabilities of the periodontium go down and quantitative and qualitative changes begin to occur with Porphyromonas gingivalis i.e.: infectivity (increase and growth of microcolonies) and invasion (intratissue penetration). Hypoxia phenomena in the periodontium backed by NAFLD contribute to the growth of anaerobes. Porphyromonas gingivalis has direct and indirect mechanisms of periodontal tissue destruction. By secreting special enzymes i.e. gingipains, the bacterium destroys interepithelial contacts, reduces the viscosity of the main substance of the connective tissue, which makes it easier for it to invade.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the quantitative level of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the periodontal pocket and its gingipain virulence factor in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Methods: The study recruited patients with a verified NAFLD diagnosis and somatically healthy patients from the control group. Dental examination was carried out according to the standard methods with the determination of the OHI-S hygienic index, the Papillary-Marginal-Alveolar index (PMA), the Papilla-Bleeding Index (PBI), the periodontal index PI (Russell), and the loss of attachment and the depth of gingival probing. The quantitative composition of Porphyromonas gingivalis was determined by the method of Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Real Time (qRT-PCR) using universal primers. Gingipain K concentration in oral fluid was determined by immunoenzymatic method using HUMAN GINGIPAIN K (KGP) ELISA KIT (DRG Instruments GmbH, Germany); Statistical data processing was performed using the SPSS statistical program package (version 17.0 for Windows; SPSS, Chicago, IL). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the sign for normality.

Results: The majority of patients with NAFLD (65.7%) were diagnosed with moderate (grade B) Generalized Periodontitis (GP). According to the level of severity of periodontal pathology, it was found that the typical clinical form for 39.9% of patients was grade II GP, while 26.7% of people had grade III GP, and 32.6% did not have inflammatory periodontal pathology at all. In the control group, only one subject had grade II GP, while others had healthy periodontium.

Its highest level was recorded in patients with NAFLD, which was characteristic on the background of decreased adaptation capabilities of the periodontium and the activity of local immune system, as well as an unsatisfactory level of oral hygiene. The proteolytic enzyme gingipain, which is secreted only by P. gingivalis, also had the highest values in the main group.

When analysing the correlation interaction, a positive dynamic was found between P. gingivalis and the presence of GP (r=0.652; p=0.000) and between gingipain and GP (r=0.510; p=0.006).

We’ve found a significantly positive correlation between P. gingivalis and PBI (r=0.457; p=0.002) and between P. gingivalis and probing depth (r=0.391; p=0.009).

Indeed, an increase in the number of this periodontopathogen, a change in its phenotype and virulence, the secretion of gingipain contributes to the onset of an inflammatory reaction in periodontal tissues, as well as vascular permeability, and therefore the PBI index increases. Conversely, when treating GP, decreased PBI index facilitates the normalization of the P. gingivalis value and its subsequent remission. It should be noted that reduced depth of gingival pocket when treating GP helps to eliminate a favourable anaerobic environment for the quantitative growth of P. gingivalis.

Conclusion: The analysis and determination of P. gingivalis/gingipain correlation ratio with special indices available at a regular dental appointment allows the dentist to monitor the dynamics of inflammation in GP patients and predict the onset and course of remission with subsequent stabilization.

Biography:

Saleh Sonbol is currently Saudi board Pediatric dental resident at King Saud university, He have been nominated in The Dean's Honor List in his University, he won First place award in poster display during 1^st Dental Student Research Meeting held at King Saud Dental University Hospital.

Abstract:

Introduction: Hemophilia A is a genetic coagulation disorder associated with a deficiency of clotting factor VIII (FVIII). It can be inherited or acquired and have different levels of severity. The degree of severity is varied: severe (<1 IU/dl of factor VIII), moderate (1-5 IU/dl), mild (6-40 IU/dl). The clinical characteristics of all types of hemophilia are similar: spontaneous or traumatic hemorrhages; muscle hematomas; hemophilic arthropathy caused by recurrent bleeding into target joints; and bleeding into the CNS. Without suitable exogenous clotting factor replacement therapy these manifestations of the disease could result in disabling or even deadly sequelae, which negatively impact patients’ quality of life and reduce their life expectancy.

This case describes the management of 6 years old boy with mild hemophilia A, who underwent full mouth dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia.

Case report: A 6-year-old Saudi male with mild type hemophilia A, who presented to the pediatric dental clinic with pain pointed to lower left area, lower left primary second molar was with large occlusal buccal restoration, recurrent caries and buccal intraoral abscess. The patient has multiple carious teeth needs comprehensive dental treatment. Due to his uncooperative behavior the patient referred for full mouth dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia.

Treatment course: Based on the consultation received from the hematologist the patient needs factor VIII prior to general anesthesia.