32^nd Asia Pacific Dental and Oral Health Congress July 23-24, 2018 Sydney, Australia

Biography:

Abstract:

The process of identification of deceased individuals using orthodox forensic odontology techniques has commonly involved the comparison of plain film radiographs and more recently digital films. With the availability of wider imaging modalities that dentists utilise on their patients and the reduction in interventionist dentistry the focus of contemporary dental identification is shifting from iatrogenic dental identifiers to those that use morphological and pathological features.

The introduction five years ago of full body computed tomography to routine post-mortem investigation within the Coronial jurisdiction in Victoria at the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine (VIFM) has provided forensic odontologists with an alternative instrument in which to examine, record and compare the dentition of deceased individuals without the need for invasive examination and radiography in the mortuary environment.

This presentation introduces the PMCT technology that is used in day to day human  identification at the VIFM and provides case by case imagery to discuss the use of post-mortem  dental and facial morphology in establishing identificaiton. I also introduce some of the difficulties associated with this modality and current research that is underway to address these issues improving future capability.

Biography:

Dr El-Azzi began his journey at the University of Sydney, where he graduated with a Doctor of Dental Medicine degree. He was awarded the Associate deans prize and the GC Australasian prize for his research on heart regeneration using stem cells derived from the human tongue. Coming from a background in pharmacy and the medical sciences, Dr El-Azzi has dedicated himself to providing holistic dental care for all his patients.Committed to staying at the forefront of education, he has committed himself to multiple advanced courses in dentistry, including the prestigious Master Implant program from the Brener Implant Institute.

His approach is an intricate blend of art and science. He develops your personal dental plan that suits your personality and life goals. So the end result is a better smile and a better you!Dr El-Azzi is passionate about volunteering in the third world. He has recently visited the Philippines and Vanuatu, removing hundreds of teeth in underpriveledged communities. In this way, he continues to show his commitment to dental care.

Abstract:

The tongue is a unique muscular organ, which is essential for survival of the human species. There are stark characteristics about the tongue that make it an area of interest, namely its regenerative capacity and its embryogenesis. This differentiates it from conventional limb skeletal muscle and allows similarity to be noted with cardiac muscle. Since the brachial arches, which give rise to the structures of the tongue in foetal development are in such close proximity to the primordial heart, it is plausible that the heart and the tongue harbour similar stem cells. Recent studies have shown that the tongue, once differentiated, retains a population of satellite/progenitor undifferentiated cells, which allow for regeneration in the event of an insult. Since the human heart has traditionally been considered a terminally differentiated quiescent organ, having minor regenerative potential, the question thus arises, can the tongue be utilised to regenerate cardiomyocytes after insults such as myocardial infarctions? The present paper aims to discuss the early development of the tongue, the common transcription factors and the molecular signatures found in both the heart and the tongue, and attempt to provide directions toward possible future developments in this area. 

Biography:

Mark qualified in Physiotherapy at LaTrobe University, Melbourne in 1987 and attained his APA Sports Physiotherapist title in 1997. He has since worked at four Commonwealth Games and one Olympic Games. Over the past 24 years he has researched and developed The Latimer Technique® - a new, systematic approach for assessment and treatment of temporomandibular disorders. He has been teaching this approach to health practitioners across Australia and internationally.

Abstract:

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) reportedly affect 28-78% of the population and represents a significant health burden causing facial pain, social embarrassment and impacting oral function. Clicking, pain, stiffness and decreased mouth opening are the most common symptoms of TMD and historically, the diagnosis of TMD has been aimed more towards categorizing the signs and symptoms rather than identifying its cause. A clearer diagnosis could be made by reproducing the patient’s symptoms and differentiating problematic TMJ structures. This presentation introduces The Latimer Technique® - a new, systematic approach to the diagnosis and physical treatment of TMD and highlights seven key elements essential in differentiating the TMJ bones, joint capsules, ligaments, muscles, nerves and discs. To demonstrate its efficacy, a clinical audit of outcomes was performed from 92 consecutive patients with TMD, treated by three physiotherapists in a single clinic over a five-year period. A precision dial caliper measured mouth openings and click-free movements. Eighty-nine (97%) patients had increases in mouth opening of up to 38.1mm, indicating improvements up to 206% from pre-intervention values, with an average improvement of 26.63%. Of these patients, 70 (79%) returned to full, click-free movement (> 45mm) within 8 treatments, in less than 6 weeks. This retrospective audit suggests that The Latimer Technique® can be an effective assessment and treatment tool which can increase click-free mouth opening to normal ranges in a short time frame. Future clinical research could evaluate The Latimer Technique® in comparison to other treatment modalities such as night splints, Rocabardo exercises, massage or dry needling.

Biography:

Kaye studied Bachelor of Science – Nursing, at Curtin University and graduated as a Registered Nurse in 2008. Kaye currently works as Registered Nurse (part-time) looking after babies under 28 days at Neonatal Department at Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Subiaco, Perth (WA).

Her previous paediatric nursing experience includes working at the Emergency Department, Gastroenterology and Immunology Departments at Princess Margaret Hospital for Children. She has also worked for Edith Cowan University as a Paediatric Clinical Facilitator.

Kaye commenced at Perth Paediatrics in 2016. She brings her skills and dedicated passion of working with children, to the first multi-specialty private paediatric clinic in Western Australia.

Abstract:

Abstract Body:  Background:  Laser Tongue Tie Division is an option suitable for neonates, older children and adults. No general anaesthetic is used, but an analgesic gel is applied. The procedure is very quick, taking only 2 to 3 minutes to perform.  

Aim:  To assess the outcome of patients who underwent tongue tie division with Diode Laser at Perth Paediatrics.

Methods:  We conducted a retrospective review of the 49 children who underwent Laser Repair of Tongue Tie at Perth Paediatrics between 30/01/2017 and 10/7/2017.  The age of the children ranged from 4 days to 6 months.  We assessed the outcome after 1 to 6 months, with a questionnaire via telephone.  Of the 49 children’s mothers telephoned, a total of 41 children were contactable.  The outcome was assessed in terms of improvement of breastfeeding comfort to the mother and procedural complications.

Results:  The outcome was assessed in terms of improvement in breastfeeding and lack of discomfort.  41 mums had immediate relief, which was rated good to excellent. 3 mums had poor immediate relief but there was improvement after 2 weeks of procedure and was rated good. Only 2 out of 41 mothers reported no relief in improvement in breastfeeding.  Furthermore, it was noted that reflux symptoms in 3 children  decreased post laser treatment and a weight gain increase was noted.  There were no immediate or delayed procedural complications in terms of post-operative bleeding, infection, scaring or recurrence.

Conclusion:  95.2% (39/41) of children who underwent Tongue Tie Division with Laser, were reported by their mothers, to have improvement in breastfeeding improvement in terms of latch/leakage. This outcome also included an improvement in the mother’s discomfort.  Ie. nipple pain, nipple damage and mastitis.

Biography:

Prof Mugayar graduated in 1980, from the University of Campinas, Brazil ; undertook four different Master’s degree - Pediatric Dentistry, Radiology and Oral Diagnosis, Preventive Dentistry and Special Care in Dentistry.

Prof Mugayar has graduated from the Residency Program in Pediatric Dentistry in Brazil in 1983. After that, she was granted a scholarship to attend a post graduation program in Pediatric Dentistry, concentration area of Special Care Dentistry at Showa University, Tokyo, JAPAN.Her Master degree in Preventive Dentistry was performed at the University of California at San Francisco under the mentorship and supervision of Prof Dr John D.B. Featherstone

Since her graduation she has been working with Special Care patients.  Patients with Special Health Care Needs is her main area of expertise together with Pediatric Dentistry.

In 2000 she published in Brazil a textbook in Special Care Dentistry.  It was the first book published in Latin America in the area of Special Needs Dentistry and has been largely referred amongst many Latin American countries.She has contributed to a number of Chapters on Special Care Dentistry in various textbooks in the medical, psychological and oral health areas.

Furthermore, she has a number of publications in International Journals and Scientific magazines relating to her academic and teaching activities commencing in 1981.

Prof Mugayar has been active in national and international Associations in Special Care in Dentistry and had a leadership role in the process of having Special Care recognized as a specialty in Brazil in the year 2000 by the Brazilian Federal Dental Council. At that time Dr Mugayar was granted by  the Federal Dental Council the very first title worldwide as a  specialist in Special Care in DentistryAs part of her professional activities, she served us a Council Member for Brazil at the International Association of Disability and Oral Health from 1985 to 2006, until she became President –Elected, and therefore the President of the International Association of Dentistry for Disability and Oral Health from 2008-2010. Dr Mugayar was one of the founders and former President of the Brazilian Association of Special Care in Dentistry, and also the former President of the Australian Society for Special Care Dentistry. (2004-2010)

She has been involved with the Special Olympics Program for more than 20 years. In Brazil Dr Mugayar implemented the Special Smiles Program and was the National Coordinator for the Program until the year 2000, when she became the President of Special Olympics Brazil.(2000-2003)

Additionally, when living in Australia, she implemented the first Oral Health program in Australia, as the National coordinator of the Special Smiles for Special Olympics .

Abstract:

The IOHC was initially implemented in the UFCD curriculum during the 2011-12 academic year. It is founded on the concept that community-based IOHCs can provide an important resource for preventive dental care for high-caries risk young children while complementing the pediatric dental experience in the dental curricula. The target population are infants and babies from 0 to 3 and a half years of age, and pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers.

Biography:

Tsumugu Furuta graduated from School of Dentistry at Asahi University in 1990. He graduated from Graduate School of Matsumoto Dental University and acquired Ph.D in 2017. He has his private dental clinic in Shiga prefecture.  He continues the experiments of oral pain as a postdoctoral fellow at Matsumoto Dental University.

Abstract:

The pain causes the stress, and the continued pain reduces quality of life. It is known that the sense of pain decreases by listening to music. Our previous study showed that rhythmical music is more effective to increase the pain threshold than classical music (Vivaldi) and Japanese ballad. Then we examined the effects of favorite music on the pain perception of forearm. Thirty subjects (men:15, women:15, age: 13-85 years old) were investigated for pain thresholds on the forearm by using pain vision PS-2100 (Nipro) which the intensity of electric stimulation gradually increases. They choose their favorite music from You Tube. The measurement of pain threshold was performed for each three times when they wore headphone and were listening favorite music or without music. The thresholds of pain with favorite music (55.7±52.2μA) were significantly higher than those without music (40.3±31.3μA) (Wilcoxon test: p<0.0001). And the men’s thresholds were significantly higher than women at the both situation, with music (Mann-Whitney test: p<0.01) and without music (p<0.05). The kinds of the music that they chose were classical music (2 people), Japanese pop music (7 people), Chinese pop music (2 people) ballads (12 people), rock music (2 people) and Japanese folk (5 people). The present findings suggest that the pain perception might be strongly effected by listening to favorite music.

Biography:

Amin Lotfi was born in 1994 in Tehran. He entered university at the age of 18 and is now studying dentistry.

Abstract:

Antiresorptive medications are used mainly to treat patients with osteoporosis or different cancers with bone involvement such as multiple myeloma, breast carcinoma, and prostate carcinoma for bone metastasis prevention. In the last decade, taking these medications has caused many problems for patients and their dentists. Therefore, it is imperative for all dentists to be aware of the side effects of taking these drugs and caution is required in dental procedures, such as tooth extraction. The purpose of this case report is to present a case of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of mandible with cutaneous sinus affecting a 64-year-old female with past medical history of breast cancer.

Biography:

Chen-Ting Hsu graduated from School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University in 2015. He is a graduate student at School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and majors in Operative Dentistry.

Abstract:

Magnetic attachments have been widely used as stud attachments for implant-retained overdenture rehabilitation. The connection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with magnetic assemblies relies on the mechanical undercut. However, detachment of PMMA from magnetic assemblies is a frequent problem. Polydopamine has been reported to have high affinity to metal. As the magnetic attachments are enveloped by stainless steel, the aim of this study was to enhance the bond strengths between stainless steel and PMMA using polydopamine and compare with alloy primer (10-MDP, Kuraray) and quick monomer (4-META, Sun Medical). Stainless steel discs (5.5 mm in diameter and 2.5 mm in thickness, Aichi Steel Corp.) and PMMA (Unifast Trad, GC Dental Corp.) were used.  For polydopamine group, the discs were immersed in dopamine solution (2 mg of dopamine per milliliter of 10 mM tris, pH 8.5) for 24 h at room temperature. MDP and 4-META were applied on stainless steel discs using microbrush. Subsequently, the discs were mounted in molds and PMMA (powder/liquid 2:1) was filled. They were placed in 60^oC oven for 6 h. The shear bond strengths were measured using Instron at crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The debonded surfaces were examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).  The results showed that 10-MDP group exhibited the highest bond strengths (9.8±1.6 MPa) followed by 4-META group (3.5±0.4 MPa) and polydopamine group (1.9±1.6 MPa). XPS analysis revealed that the major fracture surfaces took place at PMMA and coating materials (polydopamine, 10-MDP, 4-META).

Biography:

Martha Rowe, Speech Pathologist since 2000 has spent years researching and developing papaya enzyme formulation as a result of her own difficulties with a dry mouth following surgery due to facial trauma in 2008.  She has worked in both Public and Private hospitals across Victoria and has been involved in clinical studies and patients management in the areas of dysphagia and dry mouth.

Abstract:

A Dry mouth syndrome occurs when there is not enough saliva (spit) in the mouth.

A dry mouth is a symptom of an underlying problem, rather than a disease in itself. Causes may include drugs or medication, dehydration, mouth breathing, Sjogren's syndrome, infection, nerve problems and some cancer treatments.  Our research aims were Investigate effects of papaya enzymes in patients with dry mouth, Create a product that super cedes current products on the market, Determine microbiological and immunological outcomes and Investigate Quality of Life Measures.  Our results found categorically that papya enzymes assist with maintaining a clean and moistened mouth, free of bacteria and assisted with the increase in saliva flow.

Biography:

Professor Toshiyuki Kawakami is Chairman of Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Department of Hard Tissue Research, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine. He is the Director of Matsumoto Dental University Liberally, Director of Japanese Society of Oral Pathology, Director of Society of Hard Tissue Generative Biology, Academic Council of Japanese Society of Pathology, Japanese Association of Oral Biology and Japanese Stomatological Society. He has been serving as the Senior Editorial Adviser of the Journal of Hard Tissue Biology (ISSN 1341-7649, Online ISSN 1880-828X), published by the Hard Tissue Biology Network Association.

Abstract:

Objective: In this study, cholesterin was implanted in the subcutaneous tissue in mice to induce the formation of cholesterol granuloma. Histological　and immunohistochemical (IHC) and immunofluorescent (IFHC) examinations were carried out to determine the type and source of cells.

Materials and Methods: The GFP bone marrow transplanted-model mice were embedded 10 mg of cholesterin into the subcutaneously tissues. After from 2 weeks and till 6 months, the embedded tissues were examined by histopathology.Furyher, GFP cell mechanism was further assessed by IHC using double IFHC staining with GFP-S100A4, GFP-Runx2, GFP-CD31.

Results: At 2 weeks, cholesterin was replaced partly by granulation tissues. The majority of cells in the granulation tissues were macrophages and foreign body giant cells and the center consists of small amount of fibroblasts, collagen fibers and capillaries. At 3 to 6 months, the cholesterin was mostly substituted by fibrous tissues consisting mainly of fibroblasts and collagen fibers with some macrophages and foreign body giant cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that macrophages and foreign body giant cells were positive to GFP and CD68 although the fibroblasts and capillaries in the outer portion of cholesterol granulomas were GFP negative. Some spindle shape fibroblasts were also GFP positive. Immunofluorescent double staining revealed that cells lining the blood vessels were both positive to GFP and CD31 indicating that those were endothelial cells and were actually derived from the transplanted bone marrow cells.

Conclusion: The results suggest that macrophages, foreign body giant cells as well as fibroblasts and capillary endothelial cells are bone marrow derived mesenchymal cells.

Biography:

Masahito Shoumura is an associate professor of Department of Pediatric dentistry at Matsumoto Dental University.He also work as a part-time lecturer at Department of Sports Dentistry of Tokyo Dental University. He earned a degree of a doctor of dentistry from the Graduate School of Oral Medicine at Matsumoto Dental University.He is a specialist and councilor of Japanese Society of Pediatric Dentistry now.

Abstract:

Objective: In our previous examination, the experimentally induced periodontal polyp in mice was examined the cytological dynamics of the lesion by immunohistochemistry using Green Fluorescence Protein bone marrow-transplanted model mice. Our data indicated that the cells in granulation tissue are mainly from migration of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of the bone marrow, and differentiate into the tissue-specified cells.

Materials and Methods:  In the present examination using the same methods using GFP-BMT model mice, the crown of maxillary left first molar of the mouce using ½ round bur to create a perforation of floor of the dental pulp. The regions were examined by histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Results: Histopathological examination revealed the results suggest that fibroblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts and blood vessels in granulation tissue were derived from transplanted-bone marrow cells. Thus, essential growth of granulation tissue in periodontal polyp was caused by the migration of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells derived from bone marrow, which differentiated into fibroblasts and later on differentiated into other cells in response to injury.　The fibroblasts with some round cells and blood vessels were proliferated in the granulation tissue, experimental ranges from at 2 weeks to 6 months. Immunohistochemical staining of Notch1 revealed that the protein was expressed in almost spindle-shaped cells. The result suggests that the periodontal ligament fibroblasts in granulation tissue were expressed Notch1 protein.

Conclusion: Further examination is needed. However, the data strongly suggests that the cell differentiation within the periodontal polyp was controlled by Notch signaling.

Biography:

Mark qualified in Physiotherapy at LaTrobe University, Melbourne in 1987 and attained his APA Sports Physiotherapist title in 1997. He has since worked at four Commonwealth Games and one Olympic Games. Over the past 24 years he has researched and developed The Latimer Technique® - a new, systematic approach for assessment and treatment of temporomandibular disorders. He has been teaching this approach to health practitioners across Australia and internationally.

Abstract:

This is a practical workshop demonstrating The Latimer Technique® and the seven keys to making a clear diagnosis of TMD, with a real patient. A brief subjective examination will be performed to ascertain the nature and possible cause of the patient’s TMD. Measurements of mandibular movement will be taken using a precision calliper to provide a basis from which the effectiveness of treatment can be measured. A physical assessment of all of the supporting structures of the TMJs will include the bones, ligaments, muscles, nerves, joint capsules and discs. A running commentary will be provided throughout the demonstration so that delegates can gain an understanding of how problematic structures can be isolated and contribute to the patient’s signs and symptoms. This is followed by a discussion of the assessment findings, structural differentiation and the formulation of a definitive diagnosis. The patient will then receive different treatment techniques depending on the diagnosis, reassessed and re-measured. An open forum discussing the methods and techniques used, the outcome of treatment and the future management of the patient will complete the demonstration.

Biography:

Miah Kim is a Student at Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Republic of Korea.

Abstract:

Background: Extracellular DNA (eDNA) is a component of the biofilm matrix, which also includes microbial cells, exopolysaccharides, and proteins. Although many studies have examined eDNA, there is little information available regarding Streptococcus mutans eDNA.

Methods: To characterize S. mutans eDNA, we cultured the bacteria for 1 to 24 h in medium with 1% sucrose or 1% glucose. We identified eDNA by using polymerase chain reaction and used DNA-binding dye, SYBR green I to measure the amount of eDNA.

Results: We found that S. mutans eDNA has some differences from S. mutans genomic DNA, and that eDNA is secreted at an early growth stage (£ 1 h postinoculation). S. mutans produced more eDNA in the supernatant and less eDNA in the pellet in 1% glucose than in 1% sucrose. Although S. mutans cultured in 1% sucrose had more colony forming units (CFUs), the pH values were higher and the CFU-normalized eDNA levels were lower compared to S. mutans cultured in 1% glucose. DNase treatment removed eDNA and significantly reduced the total dry weight (2.6 fold in 1% glucose and 1.4 fold in 1% sucrose).

Conclusions: These results indicate that S. mutans produces different levels of eDNA in different media, and that eDNA is an important component aggregator in S. mutans biofilms.

Biography:

Uchikawa graduated from School of Matsumoto Dental University in 2015. He enrolled in the graduate school of Matsumoto Dental University . He continues the experiments of oral health as a postdoctoral fellow at Matsumoto Dental University.

Abstract:

The maintenance of oral function affects the health of the whole body. Therefore it is very important to leave many tooth until it becomes old. Then we investigated environmental factors and methods of cleaning teeth to give the number of the residual teeth in the elderly. Forty-four elderly people (23 men and 21 female, mean age: 73.7±7.28) were enrolled in this study. The number of remaining teeth, age, quantity of stimulated saliva, stimulated salivary buffering capacity, oral bacteria (mutans streptococci), PCR (plaque control record), the number of brushing per day, brushing time, using of supporting tool and the fluorine application were investigated and demanded those correlations. Furthermore, we divided participants into two groups, more than 20 or 20 teeth and less than 20 teeth. These result of the nine factors was compared between two groups. The number of the remaining teeth correlated with buffering capacity, using of supporting tool or fluorine application (Spearman’s correlation coefficient: p＜0.05). In the 2 groups, the significant difference was recognized in buffering ability, SM bacteria quantity, the number of brushing times and fluorine application (Mann-Whitney U test : p＜0.05 ). It was thought that to remain teeth in elderly, a high buffering capacity or less SM bacteria in saliva is necessary. In addition, it was suggested that it is important to use supporting tool for cleaning on the teeth and receive fluorine application in a lifestyle.